Which functions are primarily concerned with the outcomes of operations?

The correct answer pertains to line functions, which are directly responsible for the core activities of an organization and are closely associated with achieving its objectives. Line functions involve tasks that directly contribute to the organization's primary goals, such as law enforcement officers performing patrols, making arrests, or investigating crimes. These roles are focused on the outcomes of operations, ensuring that the organization's mission and efficiency are being realized in practice.

In contrast, staff and auxiliary functions often support the primary functions. Staff functions typically encompass advisory roles that assist line functions but do not engage directly in operational tasks. Auxiliary functions provide necessary support services that enable line functions to operate effectively, such as administrative support or logistics. While all functions play vital roles within the organization, only line functions are primarily focused on the direct outcomes and effectiveness of operations.